Native language speakers as per population census
Data of Native language speakers. Census of India 1991, 2001, 2011
Category: Language
| # | Native language | Speakers (1991) | Speakers (%) | Speakers (2001) | Speakers (%) | Speakers (2011) | Speakers (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hindi | 329518087 | 0.3929 % | 422048642 | 0.411 % | 528347193 | 0.4363 % |
| 2 | Bengali | 69595738 | 0.083 % | 83369769 | 0.0811 % | 97237669 | 0.0803 % |
| 3 | Marathi | 62481681 | 0.0745 % | 71936894 | 0.0699 % | 83026680 | 0.0686 % |
| 4 | Telugu | 66017615 | 0.0787 % | 74002856 | 0.0719 % | 81127740 | 0.067 % |
| 5 | Tamil | 53006368 | 0.0632 % | 60793814 | 0.0591 % | 69026881 | 0.057 % |
| 6 | Gujarati | 40673814 | 0.0485 % | 46091617 | 0.0448 % | 55492554 | 0.0458 % |
| 7 | Urdu | 43406932 | 0.0518 % | 51536111 | 0.0501 % | 50772631 | 0.0419 % |
| 8 | Kannada | 32753676 | 0.0391 % | 37924011 | 0.0369 % | 43706512 | 0.0361 % |
| 9 | Odia | 28061313 | 0.0335 % | 33017446 | 0.0321 % | 37521324 | 0.031 % |
| 10 | Malayalam | 30377176 | 0.0362 % | 33066392 | 0.0321 % | 34838819 | 0.0288 % |
| 11 | Punjabi | 23378744 | 0.0279 % | 29102477 | 0.0283 % | 33124726 | 0.0274 % |
| 12 | Assamese | 13079696 | 0.0156 % | 13168484 | 0.0128 % | 15311351 | 0.0126 % |
| 13 | Maithili | 7766921 | 0.00926 % | 12179122 | 0.0118 % | 13583464 | 0.0112 % |
| 14 | Bhili/Bhilodi | NA | NA % | 9582957 | 0.0093 % | 10413637 | 0.0086 % |
| 15 | Santali | 5216325 | 0.00622 % | 6469600 | 0.0063 % | 7368192 | 0.0061 % |
| 16 | Kashmiri | NA | NA % | 5527698 | 0.0054 % | 6797587 | 0.0056 % |
| 17 | Gondi | NA | NA % | 2713790 | 0.0026 % | 2984453 | 0.0025 % |
| 18 | Nepali | 2076645 | 0.00248 % | 2871749 | 0.0028 % | 2926168 | 0.0024 % |
| 19 | Sindhi | 2122848 | 0.00253 % | 2535485 | 0.0025 % | 2772264 | 0.0023 % |
| 20 | Dogri | NA | NA % | 2282589 | 0.0022 % | 2596767 | 0.0021 % |
| 21 | Konkani | 1760607 | 0.0021 % | 2489015 | 0.0024 % | 2256502 | 0.0019 % |
| 22 | Kurukh | NA | NA % | 1751489 | 0.0017 % | 1988350 | 0.0016 % |
| 23 | Khandeshi | NA | NA % | 2075258 | 0.0021 % | 1860236 | 0.0015 % |
| 24 | Tulu | NA | NA % | 1722768 | 0.0017 % | 1846427 | 0.0015 % |
| 25 | Meitei (Manipuri) | 1270216 | 0.00151 % | 1466705 | 0.0014 % | 1761079 | 0.0015 % |
| 26 | Bodo | 1221881 | 0.00146 % | 1350478 | 0.0013 % | 1482929 | 0.0012 % |
| 27 | Khasi | NA | NA % | 1128575 | 0.0011 % | 1431344 | 0.0012 % |
| 28 | Ho | NA | NA % | 1042724 | 0.00101 % | 1421418 | 0.0012 % |
| 29 | Garo | NA | NA % | 1061352 | 0.00103 % | 1145323 | 0.0009 % |
| 30 | Mundari | NA | NA % | 889479 | 0.00086 % | 1128228 | 0.0009 % |
| 31 | Tripuri | NA | NA % | 854023 | 0.00083 % | 1011294 | 0.0008 % |
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